集体记忆中的空白点：以俄罗斯为例

摘要：

The Soviet Union was well known for treating certain episodes and personalities in its history as “blank spots.” In some cases，these were literally blank，as in photos where people’s images had been painstakingly airbrushed out of existence（King，1997）；in other instances，the notion was more figurative，having to do with what could—and could not—be discussed in a public setting. Regardless of their form，these blank spots were understood by Soviet citizens as involving something that could not be mentioned—even when they dealt with someone who had been at the center of public discourse just the day before. During the last few decades of the Soviet Union’s existence，these blank spots in history became the object of increasing debate and protest，at least in private settings. Indeed，some people thought，perhaps naively，that if these blank spots could only be publicly acknowledged and filled with accurate information，truth would then replace falsehood and omission once and for all.

关键词：

俄罗斯集体记忆互不侵犯条约民族叙事

作者简介：

JamesV.Wertsch:James V.Wertsch is Marshall S.Snow Professor of Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St.Louis，where he is also director of the McDonnell International Scholars Academy. His current research is concerned with language，thought，and culture，with a special focus on collective memory，national narratives and identity，and culture. His most recent book is Voices of Collective Remembering，Cambridge University Press，2002.Note：An earlier version of this article was presented at the conference “Memory and War” at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in January 2003. The statements made and the views expressed are solely the responsibility of the author.DOI：10.1177/0002716207312870.